|
|
|
| Registros recuperados: 17 | |
|
|
| Kampas, Athanasios; Mamalis, Spyridon. |
| Although the initial allocation of pollution permits is neutral in terms of efficiency, it does have a significant impact on distributive equity. In this paper, we examine the two main categories of permit allocation rules, the distributive and the reductive, for controlling phosphorus pollution in a small catchment in South West England. Based on the premise that the regulatory choice compromises efficiency and equity, the main result of this paper is that an allocation of permits in proportion to the intensity of environmental preferences is a “win-win” choice. The reason is that it simultaneously achieves two goals. First, it is efficient (or cost-effective) since a permit system achieves a prespecified target at a minimum abatement cost, while second,... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Pollution permits; Phosphorus; Nutrient management; Export coefficient model; Water quality; Distributive justice; Income inequality; Atkinson Index; Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44115 |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Dong, Bin; Torgler, Benno. |
| This paper presents theoretical and empirical evidence on the nexus between corruption and democracy. We establish a political economy model where the effect of democracy on corruption is conditional on income distribution and property rights protection. Our empirical analysis with cross-national panel data provides evidence that is consistent with the theoretical prediction. Moreover, the effect of democratization on corruption depends on the protection of property rights and income equality which shows that corruption is a nonlinear function of these variables. The results indicate that democracy will work better as a control of corruption if the property rights system works and there is a low level of income inequality. On the other hand if property... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Democracy; Income inequality; Property rights; Political Economy; D73; H11; P16. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99685 |
| |
|
|
| Romuald, Kinda Somlanare. |
| This paper aims at analysing the effect of democratic institutions on environmental quality (carbon dioxide per capita, sulfure dioxide per capita) and at identifying potential channel transmissions. We use panel data from 1960 to 2008 in 122 developing and developed countries and modern econometric methods. The results are as follows: Firstly, we show that democratic institutions have opposite effects on environment quality: a positive direct effect on environment quality and a negative indirect effect through investments and income inequality. Indeed, democratic institutions attract investments that hurt environment quality. Moreover, as democratic institutions reduce income inequality, they also damage environment. Secondly, we find that the direct... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Democratic institutions; Air pollution; Panel data; Income inequality; Investments; Environmental Economics and Policy; O43; Q53; C23; D31; E22. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120396 |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Majumdar, Shibalee; Partridge, Mark D.. |
| Impact of Economic Growth on Income Inequality: A Regional Perspective Shibalee Majumdar and Mark Partridge Egalitarianism refers to the doctrine of the equality of mankind and the desirability of political, economic and social equality. In this paper, we are going to refer to the concept of economic equality. Theory shows that income inequality is a condition that prevails along with economic growth. According to the utilitarian view, income inequality must exist along with economic growth in order to maximize social welfare. This is in sharp contrast to the egalitarian view according to which, all members of the society should have equal access to all economic resources in terms of economic power, wealth and... |
| Tipo: Preprint |
Palavras-chave: Regional development; Income inequality; Spatial relation; Community/Rural/Urban Development. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49270 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Kimhi, Ayal. |
| The income inequality implications of land reform are examined for the case of Georgia using regression-based inequality decomposition techniques. An egalitarian land redistribution is likely to equalize per-capita income among farm households, implying that continuing the land reform process in Georgia is likely to benefit poorer households, relatively speaking. However, land fragmentation was found to be disequalizing, and therefore land market developments that enable plot consolidation are not less important for inequality than the land redistribution itself. Both landholdings and farm assets have favorable inequality implications not only through farm income but also through non-farm income, implying that these productive assets increase the economic... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Income inequality; Land reform; Inequality decomposition; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54159 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Carletto, Gero; Covarrubias, Katia; Davis, Benjamin; Krausova, Marika; Stamoulis, Kostas G.; Winters, Paul C.; Zezza, Alberto. |
| This paper contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of developing country rural labour markets by re-evaluating the available evidence on the levels and composition of income sources adopted by rural households in order to understand the relationship between the various economic activities taking place in rural areas and their implications for economic growth and poverty reduction. This is achieved in two parts: First, the paper introduces the Rural Income Generating Activities (RIGA) database, a newly constructed FAO repository of household survey data, income measures and cross-country comparable indicators. Second, using the RIGA database, the paper undertakes a descriptive analysis of the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors of the rural... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Rural economy; Non-farm activities; Income inequality; Income diversification; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; O12; O18; R23. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112596 |
| |
|
|
| DiPietro, William R.; Anoruo, Emmanuel; Sawhney, Bansi. |
| Since the highest income groups have tremendous influence over economic policy by virtue of money, position, and connection, it is important to identify the interest of these groups with regard to economic conditions. Recently, annual time series data on the shares of the very highest income groups have become available for the French economy. Using this new high-income share data for France, this paper examines the potential relationship between the income shares of the very highest income groups and four macroeconomic variables including the inflation rate, the interest rate, the unemployment rate, and the extent of trade. To be specific, this paper investigates the extent to which the four macroeconomic variables affect the highest income shares. The... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Income inequality; Interest rate; Unemployment rate; France; Fully modified OLS; International Development; A10. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50275 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Anderson, Kym; Cockburn, John; Martin, William J.. |
| Trade policy reforms in recent decades have sharply reduced the distortions that were harming agriculture in developing countries, yet global trade in farm products continues to be far more distorted than trade in nonfarm goods. Those distortions reduce some forms of poverty and inequality but worsen others, so the net effects are unclear without empirical modeling. This paper summarizes a series of new economy-wide global and national empirical studies that focus on the net effects of the remaining distortions to world merchandise trade on poverty and inequality globally and in various developing countries. The global LINKAGE model results suggest that removing those remaining distortions would reduce international inequality, largely by boosting net farm... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Income inequality; Price distortions; Farm trade policy; International Development. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58880 |
| |
| Registros recuperados: 17 | |
|
|
|
